Heart attack: symptoms and causes (2023)

overview

A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is significantly reduced or blocked.The plate structure process is referred to as atherosclerosis.

Sometimes a plate can form and form a clot that blocks the blood flow.Lack of blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle.

A heart attack is also called myocardial infarction.

Quick treatment is necessary for a heart attack to prevent death.Call 911 or emergency aid if you think you have a heart attack.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a heart attack vary.Having small symptoms.Anders have serious symptoms and people have no symptoms.

The common symptoms of heart attack are:

• Breast pain that may seem pressure, tightening, pain, push or pain
• Pain or complaints that spread on the shoulder, arm, back, neck, jaw, teeth or sometimes in the upper stomach
• Chill
• fatigue
• Digestive heartburn or disorders
• Sudden descent or dizziness
• Leading
• shortness of breathe

Women may have atypical symptoms such as short or sharp pain in the neck, arm or back.

Some heart attacks suddenly reach, but many people have signs of warning and symptoms hours, days or weeks in advance.Pain or breast pressure (angina) that continue to occur and do not disappear with the rest can be an early warning sign.Caused blood to flow into the heart.

When to see a doctor

Get help immediately if you think you have a heart attack.Take the following steps:

• Call the medical emergency aid.If you think you have a heart attack, call 911 or local emergency number.
• Take nitroglycerin if you are prescribed by a healthcare provider.Take it as dependent while awaiting emergency aid.

• Take aspirin if recommended.Taking aspirin during a heart attack can reduce heart damage, preventing blood coagulation.

  Aspirin can interact with other medications.Do not take an aspirin with you unless your caregiver or a ransom provider or a ransom provider say that.Do not hesitate to call 911 for an aspirin.First, call emergency aid for emergency aid.

What to do if you see someone who may have a heart attack

If someone is passed out and believe that you have a heart attack, first call 911 or your local emergency number.Then make sure the person breathes and has a pulse.If the person does not breathe or you do not find a wrist startCPR.

• If you are not trainedCPRGiftjust do itCPRThis means that the person's chest is difficult and fast to push - about 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
• When they are trainedCPRAnd with confidence in your skills, start with 30 breast compressions before giving two rescue atmosphere.

causes

Disease diseases cause most heart attacks.In coronary artery disease, one or more heart (coronary) arteries are blocked, which is usually due to cholesterol deposits that are referred to as plates.Plates can restrict arteries and reduce blood flow to the heart.

If a badge ends, it can cause a blood clot in the heart.

A heart attack can be caused by a complete or partial blockade of a cardiac artery (coronary).One way to classify heart attacks is whether an electrocardiogram (EKG or EKG) shows some specific changes (ST increases) that require invasive emergency treatment.Your treatment the health services provider can useEkgResults to describe these types of heart attacks.

• A full blockade acuteA medium or large cardiac artery usually means that they had a myocardial infarction (Stemi).
• A block partiallyMany times it means that they had a myocardial infarction (nsteni) without a Sthee MyokardNSTEMIIt has a total blockade.

Not all heart attacks are caused by blocked arteries.Other causes are:

• Cramp crap.This is a difficult press of a blood vase that is not blocked.The artery usually has cholesterolsters or is hardened early due to smoking or other risk factors.And other names for spasms of the coronary arteries are Prince Angina Metal, Angina Vaso Spastic or Angina Variant.
• Certain infections.Covid-19 and other viral infections can damage the heart muscle.
• Spontaneous Coronary Artery Section (Scad).This state that threatens life is caused by a tear in a cardiac artery.

Risk factors

Risk factors for heart attacks include:

• To alter.Men aged 45 or older and women and women 55 years or older have a heart attack more than younger men and women.
• Tobacco consumptionThis includes smoking and long -term exposure to second -hand smoke.If you smoke, it ends.
• High pressure.Over time, high blood pressure can damage the arteries that lead to the heart.Blood pressure, which occurs in other diseases such as obesity, high cholesterol or diabetes, further increases the risk.
• Hachlestayenspiegel is your triglyceride.A high lipoprotein cholesterol content (LDL) with low density ("bad" cholesterol) is probably.Lipoprotein cholesterol salaries with high density of "good" cholesterol in mirror-in-standard.
• Obesity.Obesity is associated with high blood pressure, diabetes, high triglycerides and bad cholesterol and low cholesterol levels.
• Diabetes.Blood sugar increases when the body does not produce hormone called insulin or cannot use it correctly.Highly blood sugar increases the risk of a heart attack.
• Metabolisch syndrome.This is a combination of at least three of the following things: increased waist (central obesity), high blood pressure, low cholesterol, rich triglycerides and high blood sugar.If you have metabolic syndrome, you will develop twice more in heart disease you don't have it.
• History of the family of heart attacks.If a brother, sister, father or grandparents had an early heart attack (at 55 years old for men and 65), they may have an increased risk.
• Enough movement.Lack of physical activity (sitting lifestyle) is associated with a higher risk of heart attacks.Regular movement improves heart health.
• Unhealthy diet.A high sugar diet, animal fats, processed foods, trans fats and salt increases the risk of heart attacks.Waiting for many fruits, vegetables, fibers and healthy oils.
• To emphasize.Emotional stress as extreme problems can increase the risk of a heart attack.
• Illegal use of drugs.Cocaine and amphetamines are stimulating.They can trigger coronary arteries that can cause a heart attack.
• A history of pre -eclampsia.This condition causes high blood pressure during pregnancy and risk throughout the life of heart disease increases.
• An autoimmune disease.A disease such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus may increase the risk of a heart attack.

Complications

Heart attack complications are often due to damage to the heart muscles.The possible complications of a heart attack are:

• Irregular or atypical cardiac arritics (arrhythmias).Damage to heart attack can affect how electrical signs move through the heart, which leads to changes in the heart.
• Cardiogenic shock.This rare condition occurs when the heart is suddenly and suddenly unable to pump blood.
• Cardiac insufficiency.The heart cannot be able to pump blood much damage to the muscle tissue of the heart.
• Inflammation of the tissue similar to bags surrounding the heart (pericarditis).Sometimes a heart attack triggers an incorrect reaction of the immune system.This state can be referred to as a dress syndrome, a post -miocardial infarction syndrome or a post -carrier injury syndrome.
• Cardiac arrest.The heart to without notice.A sudden change in the heart of the heart leads to a sudden cardiac arrest.A heart attack increases the risk of this threatening life disease.It can lead to death (sudden heart death) without immediate treatment.

prevention

It's never too late to take action to avoid a heart attack - even if you already have one and are ways to avoid a heart attack.

• Follow a healthy lifestyle.Do not maintain a healthy weight with a healthy diet, move regularly and manage stress.
• Manage other health states.Certain diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, may increase the risk of heart attacks.Ask your healthcare provider how often you need exams.
• Take medication as instructions.Your healthcare provider can prescribe medications to protect and improve your heart health.

It is also a good idea to learnCPRRight so you can help someone who has a heart attack.CPRAnd how to use an automated external defibrillator (AED).

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