Heart Attack - Symptoms and Causes (2023)

General description

A heart attack occurs when blood flow to the heart is reduced or blocked severely.The plate accumulation process is called atherosclerosis.

Sometimes a plate can break and form a clot that blocks the blood flow.Lack of blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle.

A heart attack is also called myocardial infarction.

Quick treatment is required for a heart attack to prevent death.Llace at 911 or emergency medical assistance if you think you could be having a heart attack.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a heart attack vary.Some people have lower symptoms.Others have serious symptoms.Some people have no symptoms.

Common symptoms of heart attack include:

• Chest pain that may seem pressure, oppression, pain, tightening or pain
• Pain or discomfort that extends to the shoulder, arm, back, neck, jaw, teeth or sometimes in the upper belly
• Chill
• Fatigue
• Stomach acidity or indigestion
• Sudden stunning or dizziness
• Nausea
• Breathing

Women may have atypical symptoms such as brief or sharp pain in the neck, arm or back.Sometimes the first symptom of a heart attack is a sudden cardiac arrest.

Some heart attacks suddenly attack.But many people have signs of warning and symptoms hours, days or weeks in advance.Pain or chest pressure (angina) that continues to happen and does not disappear with rest can be an early warning sign.Angina is caused by a temporary decrease in blood flow to the heart.

When to see a doctor

Get help immediately if you think you are having a heart attack.Take these steps:

• Call the emergency medical aid.If you think you are having a heart attack, call 911 immediately or the local emergency number.If you do not have access to emergency medical services, get someone to the nearest hospital.Just stop if there are no other options.
• Take nitroglycerin if you prescribe a medical care provider.Take according to the instructions while awaiting emergency help.

• Take aspirin if recommended.Taking aspirin during a heart attack can reduce heart damage, preventing blood coagulation.

  Aspirin can interact with other medications.Do not take an aspirin unless your service provider or emergency personnel say.Don't delay call 911 for an aspirin.

What to do if you see someone who could be having a heart attack

If someone is unconscious and you think you are having a heart attack, first call 911 or your local emergency number.Check if the person is breathing and has a pulse.If the person does not breathe or find a wrist, only then then should startRCP.

• If you are not trained inRCP, Like this,DeliverRCP.The means pushing hard and fast on the person's chest: about 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
• If you are trained inRCPAnd trust your ability, start with 30 chest compressions before giving two rescue breaths.

Causes

Coronary arterial disease causes most heart attacks.In coronary arterial disease, one or more arteries of the heart (coronary hearts) are blocked.This is usually due to deposits that contain cholesterol called plates.The arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart.

If a plate opens, it can cause a blood clot in the heart.

A heart attack can be caused by a complete or partial blockade of a cardiac artery (coronary).Emergency.Your medical care provider can useECGResults to describe this type of heart attack.

• A complete sharp blockOf a medium or large cardiac artery, it usually means that it had a stmi elevation myocardial infarction (Stemi).
• A partial blockIt often means that you have not had a high elevation myocardium (NStemi).However, some people withNSTEMIIt has a total block.

Not all heart attacks are caused by blocked arteries.Other causes include:

• Spasm of the coronary artery.This is a severe squeeze of a blood vessel that is not blocked.Prinzmetal, Angina Vasopastic or Angina Variant.
• Certain infections.Covid-19 and other viral infections can cause damage to the cardiac muscle.
• Spontaneous Coronary Artery (Scad) dissection.This potentially mortal condition is caused by a tear inside a cardiac artery.

Risk factors

Heart attack risk factors include:

• Age.Men over 45 and women over 55 are more likely to have a heart attack than younger men and women.
• The tobacco consumption.This includes smoking and long -term exposure to the second hand.If he smokes, he renounces.
• Hypertension.Over time, high blood pressure can damage the arteries that lead to the heart.The high blood pressure that occurs with other conditions, such as obesity, high cholesterol or diabetes, further increases the risk.
• High cholesterol the triglycerides.A high level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (bad cholesterol) is more likely to restrict arteries. A high level of certain blood fats called triglycerides also increases the risk of heart attack. Your cardiac risk may decrease if O cardiac riskHigh density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), the "good" cholesterol is in the standard range.
• Obesity.Obesity is related to high blood pressure, diabetes, high levels of triglycerides and bad cholesterol and low levels of good cholesterol.
• Diabetes.Blood sugar increases when the body does not make a hormone called insulin or cannot use it correctly.The high level of blood sugar increases the risk of a heart attack.
• Metabolic syndrome.This is a combination of at least three of the following things: increased wa is cardiac that if you don't have it.
• Family history of heart attacks.If a brother, sister, father or grandfather had an early heart attack (at 55 years old for men and 65 for women), he could have a higher risk.
• There is not enough exercise.Lack of physical activity (sedentary lifestyle) is linked to a higher risk of heart attacks.Regular exercise improves heart health.
• Non -healthy diet.A high diet on sugars, animal fats, processed foods, trans fats and salt increases the risk of heart attacks.Many fruits, vegetables, fibers and healthy oils.
• Stress.Emotional stress, as extreme anger, may increase the risk of heart attack.
• Illegal use of drugs.Cocaine and amphetamines are stimulating.They can trigger a coronary artery spasm that can cause a heart attack.
• A history of pre -eclampsia.This condition causes high blood pressure during pregnancy.Increases the life risk of heart disease.
• An autoimmune condition.Having a condition like rheumatoid arthritis or lupus may increase the risk of heart attack.

Complications

The complications of the heart attack are usually due to the muscle damage of the heart.The possible complications of a heart attack include:

• Irregular cardiac rhythms the atypicals (arrhythmias).Damage to heart attack can affect the way electrical signals move through the heart, causing changes in heartbeat.Some may be severe and may be deadly.
• Cardiogenic Shock.This rare condition occurs when the heart is suddenly and abruptly unable to pump blood.
• Cardiac insufficiency.A great damage to the muscle tissue of the heart can cause the heart not to pump the blood.Heart failure can be temporary or lasting (chronic).
• Inflammation of the sacmgo tissue around the heart (pericarditis).Sometimes a heart attack triggers a defective response from the immune system.This condition can be called dress syndrome, post -miocardial infarction syndrome or post -cardiac lesion syndrome.
• Cardiac arrest.Without notice, the heart to.A sudden change in the signs of the heart causes sudden cardiac arrest.A heart attack increases the risk of this potentially deadly condition.It can lead to death (sudden cardiac death) without immediate treatment.

Prevention

It is never too late to take action to avoid heart attacks, even if you have already had one.Here there are ways to avoid heart attacks.

• Follow a healthy lifestyle.Do not smoke.Maintain a healthy weight with a healthy heart diet.He has a regular exercise and deals with stress.
• Manage other health conditions.Certain conditions, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, may increase the risk of heart attacks.He asked your medical care provider how often you need checks.
• Take medications as indicated.Your medical care provider can prescribe medications to protect and improve heart health.

It is also a good idea to learnRCPCorrectly so you can help someone who is having a heart attack.RCPand how to use an automated external defibrillator (AED).

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